Skip to main content

What is Unforgettable Recovery?

TL;DR: Unforgettable Recovery uses account abstraction and visual keys to manage EVM wallets, so you never have to store or remember seed phrases.

Why Unforgettable Recovery?

  • No seed phrases: Users authenticate leveraging visual memory (their face, a favorite object, etc.) instead of managing 12–24‑word phrases.
  • Self-custodial and private: The cryptographic secret is re-derived on the client device; only a public key and additional helping data are stored in the blockchain or on the app server. Raw biometrics or key material never leave the device.
  • Multi‑factor auth: Combine visuals (e.g., face + object) and add a short password or proof‑of‑work (PoW) step to reach the full 112‑bit security target.
  • Smooth onboarding: First‑time users set up in seconds. Ideal for dApps that target mainstream audiences.
  • Phishing‑resistant: There is nothing to type or copy, eliminating most social‑engineering vectors.

Tech overview

Unforgettable Recovery relies on a novel cryptographic primitive called fuzzy extractors, which convert “noisy” biometric/visual data into a stable, private key that can be reproduced from a close‑enough reading of the same object. Security is layered by combining factors (e.g., face + object) and strengthened further with a password or a proof-of-work challenge.

Security assumptions

To achieve a 112‑bit security baseline, Unforgettable fuses ≈46 bits of entropy extracted from a face‑plus‑object pair with an additional 66 bits contributed by either a short password alone or a shorter password reinforced by an optional 2¹⁶‑space proof‑of‑work challenge.

| Factors | Entropy usable today |

FactorEntropy usable todayNotes
Face≈14-20 bitsFAR ≈ 2⁻²⁰–2⁻²¹
Generic object≈40 bitsImage distinguishing points
Face + object≈54 bitsIndependent sources add up
Password≈49 bits (8 chars)~6.12 bits per printable ASCII char
PoW Challenge≈6 bits2⁶ space
Total≈112 bits≥112-bit baseline satisfied

Further improvements are being researched:

  • Model upgrades: Moving to 512‑D face embeddings and “specific‑object” extractors is expected to yield 40-60 bits per object and ≥ 70 bits from a face + object pair.
  • Shorter secrets: With 70 visual bits, the password can drop to 7 random characters, or 5 with the same PoW range, while preserving 112‑bit security.
  • New modalities: Voice prints, 3-D scans and other high‑entropy sources are being researched to reduce user effort further.

Registration and recovery flows

To set up an Unforgettable smart-contract wallet we need to:

  1. Create a standard externally owned account (EOA).
  2. Delegate the EOA to the Unforgettable smart contract via a type‑4 set‑code transaction.
  3. Pay the annual subscription fee to the Subscription contract.
  4. Grant the Unforgettable contract permission to use the private key derived from Unforgettable’s security challenges.

Once the smart-contract wallet is ready, all the user needs to do to restore access to it is:

  • Make sure the annual fee was paid;
  • Derive the Unforgettable private key from the security challenges;

User flow

Example of Unforgettable Recovery flow is shown in the demo below:

Subscription

The subscription is activated at setup, but the fee can be only charged when you actually invoke the recovery flow.

Conclusion

Unforgettable Recovery offers an alternative to seed phrases with visual keys derived via fuzzy extractors, combining factors (face + object) with a short password and a PoW challenge to reach a ≥ 112-bit security baseline without exposing biometric data. Built on account abstraction, it enables fast onboarding and straightforward recovery of EVM smart-contract wallets while remaining self-custodial, private and phishing-resistant.